The National open School or the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS; www.nos.org) is an important initiative of the Government of India, created to cater to the educational needs of students who cannot attend regular schools.
The NIOS has been in existence since 1990. It offers a national board examination at two levels: secondary and higher secondary. The secondary level is equivalent to the ICSE, CBSE, SSLC, and other national or state Standard 10 board examinations. The higher secondary level is equivalent to the PUC and other Standard 12 board examinations. Many (but not all) boards, institutions, and universities across the country recognize the NIOS certification for continued or higher studies; these are listed in the NIOS prospectus and at the NIOS website.
Regular schools require students to study all the subjects in the curriculum: two languages, science, mathematics, and social studies; each subject may have more than one paper. The school boards with which regular schools are registered allow, at the most, an exemption from second language for students with a language disability; and some boards require the magnitude of this disability to exceed 50% to qualify for the exemption. No national board and probably no state board allow exemptions from science or mathematics, such as for students with arithmetic disorder.
In contrast, the NIOS requires students to study a minimum of five and a maximum of seven subjects. There is a very wide range of subjects on offer; students, therefore, have much flexibility in selecting areas in which they are able to attempt an examination. Students are also allowed to change subjects midway through the course if they are unhappy with their choice. Students can choose from among three languages for their medium of instruction.
Examinations are conducted twice a year: in April-May, and in October-November. Students are allowed a maximum of nine chances across a maximum of five years to complete their examinations; they can appear for as few or as many subjects at a time as they wish. Students who do not complete the examinations in all their chosen subjects within the specified period can re-apply and have their examination credits transferred.
Preparation tips for NIOS Class 10th, 12th exams
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